The Monument to the Unknown Hero by Ivan Meštrović on Avala

Monuments

Monument to the Unknown Hero

Avala · Belgrade

QUICK INFORMATION

CATEGORY
Monuments
COUNTRY
Serbia
REGION
Avala · Belgrade
DURATION
Half to 1 day

ABOUT THIS ATTRACTION

On Avala’s plateau stands one of Europe’s great war memorials: eight stone caryatids — women of eight historical regions, in folk costume — carrying a granite sarcophagus holding the remains of a soldier of WWI whose name nobody could recover. Meštrović carved the figures from Jablanica granite in his studio and assembled them in a colonnade that reads as both classical temple and Serbian funeral stele. The monument’s build cost the mountain its medieval fortress: Žrnov, the Turkish-era watching post above Belgrade, was demolished in 1934 to clear the summit. In the Kingdom’s symbolism the eight caryatids were the eight provinces — a monument to one unknown soldier that is really a monument to a whole country assembled from its regions.

HISTORY & BACKGROUND

The story behind it

Commissioned by king Alexander I in 1934, carved 1934–38, the monument marked the grave of an unknown Serbian soldier of the Salonika Front transferred to Avala with state honours. Alexander did not live to see it finished — he was assassinated in Marseille in October 1934, the year work began. The communist state preserved the monument but let it thin into the woods; restoration in the 2000s returned the plateau and its approach.

WHAT TO SEE

What to see here

01

The eight caryatids — walk the colonnade and read the eight regional costumes.

02

The sarcophagus and its eternal inscription.

03

The plateau view down the Belgrade axis — the mountain’s whole point.

GOOD TO KNOW

Facts & Curiosities

01

The eight caryatids represent the eight historical regions of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes — a whole country figured as one funeral.

02

The medieval fortress of Žrnov was demolished in 1934 to clear the site.

03

Meštrović carved the figures in his Split studio; each weighs several tonnes and was hauled up the mountain on ox carts.

04

King Alexander I, who commissioned it, was assassinated the year construction began.

MAP & LOCATION

Monument to the Unknown Hero

Monument to the Unknown Hero, Avala, Belgrade, Serbia

44.6900, 20.5140

Open in OpenStreetMap

FOOD & DRINK

Where to eat nearby

01

The mountain hotel terrace — grill and coffee above the oaks

02

Picnic — the meadows are made for it; bring from the city

03

Pinosava village kaldrma kafanas on the drive back

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HOTELS & STAYS

Where to stay nearby

01

Stay in Belgrade — Avala is a half-day trip

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