Archiginnasio and the Anatomical Theatre, Bologna

Landmark

Archiginnasio and the Anatomical Theatre

Bologna · Emilia-Romagna

QUICK INFORMATION

CATEGORY
Landmark
COUNTRY
Italy
REGION
Bologna · Emilia-Romagna
DURATION
1–2 days

ABOUT THIS ATTRACTION

The Archiginnasio is the first permanent seat of the University of Bologna, the oldest university in the western world, built by the papacy in 1563 to consolidate the university’s scattered schools in one building. Its porticoes and staircases are covered with the coats of arms and the names of thousands of students and professors, the most extensive heraldic decoration in any building in Italy. Inside is the Anatomical Theatre, the carved wooden amphitheatre built in 1637 for the teaching of anatomy, where dissections were performed before the students under the watchful eyes of two spellati — the skinless figures carved at the professor’s chair. The theatre was damaged by Allied bombing in 1944 and rebuilt from the surviving pieces.

HISTORY & BACKGROUND

The story behind it

The University of Bologna was founded around 1088, making it the oldest university in the western world, and it grew into the leading law school of medieval Europe. Until the 16th century its schools were scattered across the city; in 1563 Pope Pius IV commissioned the Archiginnasio to bring them together, and the building was decorated with the coats of arms of its students and professors as a record of its community. The Anatomical Theatre was built in 1637 by Antonio Levanti for the teaching of anatomy, one of the first such theatres in Europe; dissections were performed on the central table under the gaze of the carved spellati. The university moved out in 1803, and the Archiginnasio became a library; the theatre was rebuilt after the 1944 bombing.

WHAT TO SEE

What to see here

01

The Anatomical Theatre — the carved wooden amphitheatre of 1637, with the central dissection table and the two spellati figures.

02

The heraldic decoration — the coats of arms and inscriptions of thousands of students and professors covering the walls and porticoes.

03

The Stabat Mater room — the hall where the poet Giosuè Carducci taught, decorated with the coats of arms of the German students.

04

The porticoes and the courtyard — the arcaded courtyard, the heart of the building.

WHY IT MATTERS

Why it matters

The Archiginnasio is the building that holds the memory of the oldest university in the western world, and the Anatomical Theatre is the most striking survival of early modern medical teaching. For a visitor, the heraldic walls and the carved theatre are the two sights that most clearly show what Bologna was — a city of students and professors for nearly a thousand years, and the place where European medicine and law were taught.

PRACTICAL INFORMATION

Before you go

Tickets
The building and the library are free; the Anatomical Theatre is on a small ticket.
Access
The entrance is on the Piazza Galvani, behind the Piazza Maggiore.
Best Time
Mornings; the theatre is small and best visited when quiet.
Context
The Archiginnasio sits behind the Piazza Maggiore, at the edge of the market quarter.

MAP & LOCATION

Archiginnasio and the Anatomical Theatre

Archiginnasio and the Anatomical Theatre, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy

44.4936, 11.3431

Open in OpenStreetMap

FOOD & DRINK

Where to eat nearby

01

Trattoria di Via Serra — a beloved trattoria for handmade pasta and Bolognese classics, book ahead

02

Osteria Bottega — a wine bar and trattoria for the best tortellini in brodo in the city

03

Trattoria Anna — a no-frills trattoria in the market quarter for tagliatelle al ragù and boiled meats

04

Salumeria Simoni — a salumeria in the Quadrilatero for a mortadella sandwich and a glass of Lambrusco

05

Drogheria della Rosa — a romantic trattoria in a vintage grocery for refined Emilian cooking

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HOTELS & STAYS

Where to stay nearby

01

Grand Hotel Majestic gia Baglioni — a grand hotel in a 16th-century palace near the station, with a rooftop

02

Hotel Porta San Mamolo — a charming garden hotel just inside the old walls, a quiet base

03

Art Hotel Commercianti — a boutique hotel near the Piazza Maggiore, in a medieval building

04

Hotel Al Cappello Rosso — a historic hotel near the Piazza Maggiore, in business since 1375

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